Article 1 Establishment of Alliance

The States Parties to this Treaty (hereinafter referred to as "the Contracting States") form the International Trademark Registration Alliance.

Article 2 Interpretation

In this Treaty and the Regulations, unless otherwise expressly provided:

（1） "International registration" means the registration approved by the International Bureau for entry in the International Register of Marks in accordance with this Treaty;

（2） "International application" means an application for international registration;

（3） "Applicant" means a natural or legal person filing an international application;

（4） "International registered owner" means a natural or legal person who has a name in the trademark registration valid for all or part of the designated country and for all or part of the listed goods and services;

（5） "Trademark" refers to trademarks and service marks, and includes collective trademarks in Article 7-1 of the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property (Stockholm Protocol, 1967), as well as certification trademarks. Whether this certification trademark is the above-mentioned collective trademark is different;

（6） "National trademark" means a trademark that has been registered by a government agency of a Contracting State that has the right to approve its registration and is in force in that country; "National trademark" should not be confused with "regional trademark";

（7） "Regional trademark" refers to a trademark that has been registered by an intergovernmental body other than the International Bureau and has the right to approve the registration, and has become effective in more than one country;

（8） "Final decision" or "final refusal" refers to a decision or refusal that cannot be challenged, or cannot be changed by all means, or the time limit for requesting change has expired;

（9） "Announcement of the International Bureau" means the announcement published in the official bulletin of the Bureau;

（10） "The date of publication of the international registration" or "the date of publication of the subsequent designated registration" means the date of publication of the official bulletin of the International Bureau of the international registration or the subsequent designated registration;

（11） "International Bureau Registration" means the registration in the International Register of Marks;

（12） "Designated State" means any Contracting State that the applicant or the owner of the international registration hopes that the registration will have the effect specified in this Treaty and that is specified in the international application or in the subsequent application for designated registration;

（13） "National Authority" means the governmental authority of a Contracting State responsible for the registration of trademarks; It also refers to an intergovernmental body entrusted by at least one of several countries that is a contracting party to handle the registration of regional trademarks under the conditions of undertaking obligations and exercising powers in accordance with the provisions of this Treaty and the Travel Rules on national authorities;

（14） "National Register of Trademarks" means the register of trademarks kept by the national competent authority where national trademarks and regional trademarks are registered;

（15） "Designated national authority" means the national authority of the designated country;

（16） "National law" means the national law of a Contracting State; If it involves regional trademarks, it also refers to the regional treaties that stipulate the registration of regional trademarks;

（17） "Madrid Agreement" means the Madrid Agreement for the International Registration of Trademarks

Li Agreement;

（18） "The Alliance" refers to the alliance referred to in Article 1;

（19） "General Assembly" means the General Assembly of the Union;

（20） "Organization" means the World Intellectual Property Organization;

（21） "International Bureau" means the International Bureau of the Organization and the existing Joint International Bureau for the Protection of Intellectual Property Rights; Where the International Bureau is required to receive documents or receipts, it also refers to the agency of the International Bureau established in accordance with Article 32 (2) (1);

（22） "Director General" means the Director General of the Organization;

（23） "International Classification" means the classification established in accordance with the Nice Agreement on the International Classification of Goods and Services for Trademark Registration;

（24） "Implementation Rules" refers to the implementation rules specified in Article 33.

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